The Fedorivka layered intrusion (Korosten Pluton, Ukraine): An example of highly differentiated ferrobasaltic evolution   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J.C. Duchesne  L. Shumlyanskyy  B. Charlier 《Lithos》2006,89(3-4):353-376

This study documents the petrography and whole-rock major and trace element geochemistry of 38 samples mainly from a drill core through the entire Fedorivka layered intrusion (Korosten Pluton), as well as mineral compositions (microprobe analyses and separated mineral fraction analyses of plagioclase, ilmenite, magnetite and apatite) of 10 samples. The Fedorivka layered intrusion can be divided into 4 lithostratigraphic units: a Lower Zone (LZ, 72 m thick), a Main Zone (MZ, 160 m thick), and an Upper Border Zone, itself subdivided into 2 sub-zones (UBZ₂, 40 m thick; UBZ₁, 50 m thick). Igneous lamination defines the cumulate texture, but primary cumulus minerals have been affected by trapped liquid crystallization and subsolidus recrystallization. The dominant cumulus assemblage in MZ and UBZ₂ is andesine (An_39–42), iron-rich olivine (Fo_32–42), augite (En_29–35Fs_24–29Wo_42–44), ilmenite (Hem_1–6), Ti-magnetite (Usp_52–78), and apatite. The data reveal a continuous evolution from the floor of the intrusion (LZ) to the top of MZ, due to fractional crystallization, and an inverse evolution in UBZ, resulting from crystallization downwards from the roof. The whole-rock Fe/Mg ratio and incompatible element contents (e.g. Rb, Nb, Zr, REE) increase in the fractionating magma, whereas compatible elements (e.g. V, Cr) steadily decrease. The intercumulus melt remained trapped in the UBZ cumulates due to rapid cooling and lack of compaction, and cumulus mineral compositions re-equilibrated (e.g. olivine, Fe–Ti oxides). In LZ, the intercumulus melt was able to partially or totally escape. The major element composition of the MZ cumulates can be approximated by a mixing (linear) relationship between a plagioclase pole and a mafic pole, the latter being made up of all mafic minerals in (nearly) constant relative proportions. By analogy with the ferrobasaltic/jotunitic liquid line of descent, defined in Rogaland, S. Norway, and its conjugated cumulates occurring in the Transition Zone of the Bjerkreim-Sokndal intrusion (Rogaland, a monzonitic (57% SiO₂) melt is inferred to be in equilibrium with the MZ cumulates. The conjugated cumulate composition falls (within error) on the locus of cotectic compositions fixed by the 2-pole linear relationship. Ulvöspinel is the only Ti phase in some magnetites that have been protected from oxidation. QUIlF equilibria in these samples show that magnetite and olivine in MZ have retained their liquidus compositions during subsolidus cooling. This permits calculation of liquidus fO₂ conditions, which vary during fractionation from ΔFMQ = 0.7 to − 1.4 log units. Low fO₂ values are also evidenced by the late appearance of cumulus magnetite (Fo₄₂) and the high V³⁺-content of the melt, reflected in the high V-content of the first liquidus magnetite (up to 1.85% V).  相似文献   

中国油气资源战略选区若干问题的思考     

张大伟 《地质通报》2006,(Z2)

在中国油气资源供需矛盾日趋尖锐、形势越来越严峻的情况下,开展全国油气资源战略选区工作、加强油气资源战略调查与早期评价具有重要意义。近些年来国家围绕青藏地区、柴达木盆地、松潘—阿坝地区、东北中—新生代断陷盆地群、华北前第三系、南海北部陆坡深水海域、南黄海海域前第三系、中国煤层气开发利用前景等开展的战略选区项目,取得了一定的成果和认识。就战略选区的定位、任务和特点进行了论述,分析了未来选区的工作重点并提出了相应的措施,对促进战略选区工作具有指导意义。  相似文献   

Metamorphism of mineral matter in coal from the Bukit Asam deposit, south Sumatra, Indonesia   总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1  

Rita Susilawati  Colin R. Ward   《International Journal of Coal Geology》2006,68(3-4):171-195

The coal of the Miocene Bukit Asam deposit in south Sumatra is mostly sub-bituminous in rank, consistent with regional trends due to burial processes. However, effects associated with Plio–Pleistocene igneous intrusions have produced coal with vitrinite reflectance up to at least 4.17% (anthracite) in different parts of the deposit. The un-metamorphosed to slightly metamorphosed coals, with Rv_max values of 0.45–0.65%, contain a mineral assemblage made up almost entirely of well-ordered kaolinite and quartz. The more strongly heat-affected coals, with Rv_max values of more than 1.0%, are dominated by irregularly and regularly interstratified illite/smectite, poorly crystallized kaolinite and paragonite (Na mica), with chlorite in some of the anthracite materials. Kaolinite is abundant in the partings of the lower-rank coals, but is absent from the partings in the higher-rank areas, even at similar horizons in the same coal seam. Regularly interstratified illite/smectite, which is totally absent from the partings in the lower-rank coals, dominates the mineralogy in the partings associated with the higher-rank coal beds. A number of reactions involving the alteration of silicate minerals appear to have occurred in both the coal and the associated non-coal lithologies during the thermal metamorphism generated by the intrusions. The most prominent involve the disappearance of kaolinite, the appearance of irregularly interstratified illite/smectite, and the formation of regular I/S, paragonite and chlorite. Although regular I/S is identified in all of the non-coal partings associated with the higher-rank coals, illite/smectite with an ordered structure is only recognised in the coal samples collected from near the bases of the seams. The I/S in the coal samples adjacent to the floor of the highest rank seam also appears to have a greater proportion of illitic components. The availability of sodium and other non-mineral inorganic elements in the original coal to interact with the kaolinite, under different thermal and geochemical conditions, appears to be the significant factor in the formation of these new minerals, and distinguishes the mineralogical changes at Bukit Asam from those developed more generally with rank increases due to burial, and from the effects of intrusions into coals that were already at higher rank levels.  相似文献   

Mineral formation in an acid pit lake from a high-sulfidation ore deposit: Kirki, NE Greece     

S. Triantafyllidis  N. Skarpelis   《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):68

Open pit mining of base-metals from the high-sulfidation epithermal type deposit of Kirki (Thrace, NE Greece) resulted in the formation of an acid pit lake by infilling of the open cast by rain and draining waters after mine closure. The high toxic metals content of the ore, the limited buffering capacity of host rocks and the direct exposure of the ore zone to weathering result in an intense release of metals into the pit lake. The acidic and oxidative pit lake waters show high concentrations of trace metals. A mineral precipitate, covering the floor of the pit lake, comprises secondary anglesite, several species of the jarosite-group, rozenite, melanterite, wroewolfeite, gypsum, bukovskyite, beaverite, scorodite and minor goethite. The mineral precipitate presents a significant heavy metal content indicating effective removal of metals from the acid waters. Compared to other pit lakes in high-sulfidation type deposits it has a higher metal load, consistent with the mineralogy and grade of ore in pit walls.  相似文献   

Retrieval and interpretation of precipitation rates generated from the composition of the Merouane Chott ephemeral lake     

Messaoud Hacini  Eric H. Oelkers  Nacer Kherici   《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,88(1-3):284

Merouane Chott ephemeral lake is an ideal natural system for studying mineral dissolution and precipitation rates because (1) it undergoes annual cycles of filling and complete evaporation, and (2) it has a simple, well-defined hydrology. The major element concentrations of Merouane Chott lake waters have been measured weekly from January to June 2003. These concentrations are used together with estimates of the chott lake volume to calculate the temporal evolution of the total mass of these major elements. Dividing the first derivative of these masses with respect to time by the chott surface area yields precipitation rate estimates for halite, calcite, gypsum, and K–Mg salts during the complete evaporation of the lake. These rates are compared with the saturation indexes of these minerals to deduce the degree to which they are consistent with laboratory measured rates available in the literature.  相似文献   

Pre-concentration and residual bitumen removal from Athabasca oilsands froth treatment tailings by a Falcon centrifugal concentrator     

Q. Liu  Z. CuiT.H. Etsell 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006

Both froth flotation and centrifugal concentration were used to pre-concentrate the oil sands froth treatment tailings prior to the recovery of heavy minerals (titanium and zirconium minerals). Over 90% of the heavy minerals were recovered into a bulk flotation concentrate that was about 50% of the feed mass at 85 °C without any reagents. The same recoveries were obtained at 50 °C with the addition of NaOH and/or sodium oleate. However, the flotation concentrate also recovered over 90% of the residual bitumen and much of the clays/slimes. Subsequent treatment of the flotation concentrate such as dewatering and bitumen removal would be difficult due to these residual bitumen and clays. On the other hand, a SB40 centrifugal concentrator recovered over 85% of the heavy minerals but less than 30% of the residual bitumen. With improved liberation the recovery of the residual bitumen into the concentrate could be further reduced. The particle sizes of the SB40 concentrates were also larger than the flotation concentrates, making subsequent processing much easier.  相似文献   

原生硅酸盐矿物风化产物的研究进展——以云母和长石为例   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李福春 李莎杨用钊  程良娟 《岩石矿物学杂志》2006,25(5):440-448

研究云母和长石等原生硅酸盐矿物的风化速率和风化产物对于深入理解土壤发生过程、营养元素循环以及全球气候变化具有重要的理论意义。本文从自然风化、人工化学风化和生物风化3方面总结了原生硅酸盐矿物风化作用及其产物的特点，重点阐述了微生物参与下的生物风化作用和生物矿化作用及其意义。野外观察和室内实验研究结果表明，微生物可以加速矿物的分解，而且其细胞表面及其产生的胞外多聚糖可以作为次生矿物成核的模板。  相似文献   

东营凹陷平南地区火山岩中发现含石盐子晶流体包裹体及其对岩浆脱气的启示     

陈勇  周瑶琪  肖焕钦  任拥军  孙锡年  王强  颜世永  刘超英 《地质学报》2006,80(11):1699-1705

本文报道在东营凹陷平南地区滨古斜15井火山岩岩心中发现含石盐子晶流体包裹体.流体包裹体赋存于石英闪长玢岩的石英矿物之中,经显微观察和-185℃低温原位拉曼光谱分析,确定子晶为石盐矿物.显微测温分析结果显示,原生包裹体的均一温度在359~496℃,流体的盐度为43.26%~54.51%.研究样品中5种类型流体包裹体共生,说明流体发生了不混溶作用.岩浆上升过程中温度和压力的降低导致流体发生强烈的不混溶作用,并促进岩浆脱气.由于富CO2流体以岩浆脱气的方式逃离岩浆,而高盐度流体作为脱气之后的残余流体保存在包裹体中,所以包裹体中以高盐度流体(NaCl-H2O体系)为主,而另一端元组分(富CO2流体)较少.含石盐子晶流体包裹体的发现证实平南地区岩浆中存在高盐度流体,研究结果表明该区的岩浆脱气过程与高盐度流体不混溶作用有关.这个发现对进一步了解岩浆脱气机制和中国东部无机成因CO2成藏有重要的启示意义.  相似文献   

山东昌潍古近系原型盆地粘土矿物的成岩演化与古地温   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵明陈小明  季峻峰张耘　张哲 《岩石学报》2006,22(8):2195-2204

山东昌潍盆地形成于古近系的古新世-始新世早期(Ek-Es_4),本文主要研究昌潍盆地的粘土矿物特征及其古地温。昌雄古近系(Ek-Es_4)原型盆地的粘土矿物种类有:无序高岭石、伊/蒙混层矿物、伊利石和辉绿泥石(铁斜绿泥石)。利用粘土矿物温度计估算了盆地埋藏深度的古地温,探讨了古近系(Ek-Es_4)原型盆地的成岩作用和有机质热演化阶段。研究表明:随着埋藏深度的增加,伊/蒙混层矿物(L/S)由无序向有序连续转变;高岭石的有序性、伊利石和绿泥石的结晶程度趋于增强。根据伊/蒙混层矿物(L/S)地温计获得盆地不同深度的成岩温度范围;成油深度约为3000～4000m±。现今地温与古地温的对比,显示盆地存在热异常,导致热异常的形成可能有以下几方面因素:(1)盆地曾经历过地壳抬升阶段;(2)盆地内有岩浆活动热事件发生;(3)盆地裂陷期的构造动力学作用导致古地温梯度过高。昌潍原型盆地较高的古地温梯度吻合于裂陷盆地构造动力学演化的模式。  相似文献   

天然矿物在CVD法合成碳纳米管中的应用     

程继鹏  张孝彬  叶瑛 《矿物岩石》2006,26(1):9-12

化学气相沉积(CVD)合成碳纳米管时,催化剂具有重要的作用。实验证实,一些天然矿物也是潜在的催化剂材料,能在高温下裂解乙炔合成碳纳米管。吸附性能良好的坡缕石和海泡石是优异的催化剂载体,负载钴制备碳纳米管的直径均匀细小;钛酸脂改性后的坡缕石能释放金属铁,并催化碳纳米管的生长;由于矿物晶格中含有催化剂金属离子,大洋锰结核是天然的催化剂。采用矿物催化剂,成本低廉,能够获得碳纳米管与矿物的复合材料,拓宽矿物的应用领域。  相似文献